Sunday, November 14, 2010

Crusades (1096-1272)

Interview with a Christian in Western Europe:


Q: How did the crusades start?
A: When we went to recapture the Holy Land of Jerusalem from the Muslims, who had took it over  in the seventh century AD.
Q: What were the Crusades?
A: They were many armed conflicts in the Near East.


Q: How many were there?
A: There were nine.


Q: What happened in the first Crusade?
A: There were two main phases in it. The first phase, was probably not what the pope wanted. Unlike noblemen, peasants could leave for a long time without making arrangements for their personal affairs during their absence. Untrained in warfare, disorganized, and with meager financial resources, thousands of peasants attacked the Byzantine Empire. A Muslim ambush distroyed nearly the entire army.


Q: What happened in the second Crusade?
A: The Crusader States required constant European resources and reinforcements because of continuous Muslim attacks. The goal of the Muslims was not so much to regain the city of Jerusalem but it was to get rid of the Christians in the territory. The Muslims conquered the county of Edessa in 1144.

Q: What happened in the Third Crusade?
A: Encouraged by that success of the Second Crusade, Muslims destroyed the army of the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1187 and gained control of most of its territory. The Christians responded with the Third Crusade, led by King Richard of Lionheart of England, King Philip of France, and Emperor Fredrick of Germany. Richard and Philip were bitter rivals because of a dispute over English land claims in France. In 1191, Philip returned to France  to regain control of the disputed French lands.



 

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